Factory data a new sign of slowing U.S. economic growth

By Lucia Mutikani

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Factory activity expanded at its slowest pace in six months in April, the latest sign that economic growth continued to lose momentum early in the second quarter, though the recovery has not been derailed.

Even as the economic picture has dimmed in recent weeks as the effects of government austerity started to filter through, strength in the housing market has provided an anchor.

New home sales in March were at their second-highest level in three years and overall house prices rose in February, other data showed on Tuesday.

"The numbers are not suggesting that the economy is surging, but none of them are really showing that the economy is falling off the cliff," said Jim O'Sullivan, chief U.S. economist at High Frequency Economics in Valhalla, New York.

Financial data firm Markit said its "flash," or preliminary, factory purchasing managers' index fell to 52.0 this month from 54.6 in March as output, employment and new orders pulled back.

It was the lowest index level since October, though a reading above 50 does indicate growth.

While the Markit PMI has a shorter history and has been trending higher than an established, competing index from the Institute for Supply Management, its direction is in line with other surveys showing a cooling in manufacturing activity in April.

The Richmond Federal Reserve Bank said on Tuesday its gauge of factory activity in the central Atlantic region dropped into negative territory this month, pulled down by weak shipments and new orders.

The region covers the District of Columbia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and most of West Virginia. These are among states expected to be hardest hit by deep government spending cuts, known as the sequester.

SLACKENING ACTIVITY

Taken together with other weak regional manufacturing surveys released so far this month, Tuesday's factory data pointed to a slackening in activity at the start of the second quarter, economists said.

Although manufacturing accounts for only about 12 percent of the U.S. economy, it has played a pivotal role in the recovery from the 2007-09 recession.

The government is expected to report on Friday that the economy grew at a 3.0 percent annual rate in the first quarter, according to a Reuters survey, rebounding from a paltry 0.4 percent gain in the final three months of 2012.

Economists, however, are looking for an expansion of only around 1.5 percent or so in the April-June period.

Data ranging from employment to retail sales and manufacturing weakened significantly in March, when the sequester began to take effect, and the Markit and Richmond Fed reports suggested the soft patch carried into the second quarter.

"This year is setting up to be very similar as far as the first-half story of the past few years, where an early start in economic activity was not able to be maintained," said Sam Bullard, a senior economist at Wells Fargo Securities in Charlotte, North Carolina.

Even so, the economy is not collapsing.

A separate report from the Commerce Department showed new home sales increased 1.5 percent to a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 417,000 units last month.

The increase was encouraging in the wake of data on Monday that showed home resales slipped in March and a report last week that said sentiment among homebuilders dropped in April for a third straight month.

"This is a good report that supports the view that at least one part of the economy is not being battered too greatly by Washington's attacks on growth," said Joel Naroff of Naroff Economic Advisors in Holland, Pennsylvania. "The housing recovery keeps on going, but don't expect further surges in activity."

The momentum in the housing market has slowed somewhat because of a lack of supply of homes for sale in some major regions. Last month, there 153,000 new homes on the market, not far from record lows.

The inventory represents sales supply for only 4.4 months, below the six months that is normally considered a healthy balance between supply and demand.

Another report, from the Federal Housing Finance Administration, showed prices for houses financed with mortgages that have been sold to or guaranteed by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac rose 0.7 percent in February after advancing 0.6 percent in January.

(Reporting by Lucia Mutikani in Washington; Additional reporing by Steven C Johnson in New York and Margaret Chadbourn in Washington; editing by Andrea Ricci and Leslie Adler)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/factory-activity-six-month-low-april-markit-130145227--business.html

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Challenge Winner: Mount Your Camera Almost Anywhere With a Magnet

In this week's MacGyver Challenge, we asked you to hack something using old computer parts. We received some great entries, but the winning hack shows us a great way to mount your camera almost anywhere for that perfect shot.

Check out the description of the winning entry below and read about some of our other favorite entries.

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Winner: Mount Your Camera Almost Anywhere Using a Hard Drive Magnet

Not always able to find the perfect spot for a tripod or minipod, Alex421 had a clever idea. Using a rare-earth magnet from an old hard disk drive (the mechanical kind, not an SSD) and the top of a minipod, he created a magnetic mount that lets him place his camera almost anywhere. He discovered that there are an amazingly large number of metal things sticking out of the ground and buildings all over most cities, offering him a nearby base for his camera wherever he happens to be.

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Honorable Mentions

We got a lot of great entries and we'd be remiss if we didn't share some of our favorites. Here are some of the entries that really impressed us.

Make a Magnetic Smartphone Dock

John wanted a clean way to mount his smartphone in his car?one that didn't involve suction cups, specialized cases and mounts, or blocking his air vents. He settled on using the rare earth magnets from old hard drives, since they are super strong. First, he placed two of the magnets together (matching polarities) to make a very strong magnet. John removed the bezel from his dashboard, secured the double magnet to the back of that with superglue and duct tape, and replaced the bezel.

For the phone, he duct taped the magnet to the inside back of his phone case (a very slim model). It took a little experimenting to find the right place for the magnet on the case. John wanted it to hold the phone in the vertical position and not rotate on hard turns. Finally, he ran a power cable from the back of the head unit (in-dash stereo) under the dash.

A couple of warnings, though, if you want to try this one at home. While the magnets don't seem to interfere with his signals, they do prevent the compass from working properly. Also, if you have a phone with NFC, the magnets would likely interfere with that signal. And, you'll probably want to keep your phone away from credit cards?or any cards with a mag stripe.

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Reorient Your Toilet Paper Holder

Shaun and his wife could never agree on which way the toilet paper should go on the holder (one's an over; one's an under). Seeking a lasting peace, Shaun decided the only solution was to reorient the toilet paper holder altogether. Their's was a simple arm-style holder with a free end, so it was easy to rotate it 90 degrees to point up. The only problem was that without a proper base, the toilet paper leaned awkwardly when in place. Shaun's solution? He fixed the platter from an old hard drive onto the arm to serve as a stable base for the toilet paper. It (and presumably the marriage) has worked perfectly ever since.

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Make a Clock From an Old Hard Drive

Amitai makes clocks out of old hard drives. He pretty much fully dissembles the drive to build in the clock mechanism, but part of the charm is that he also tries to waste as little of the actual drive as possible. The results are beautiful. He's put together a step-by-step guide on imgur and he also sells his own clocks on Etsy.

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Special Mention?BioShock Diorama

While it didn't really qualify as a hack, there is no way we were going to let this challenge go by without giving a shout out to RedSuspense. He sent us this picture of a wonderful BioShock-inspired diorama titled Rapture's Playground. As you can see, it's built using some heavily modded detritus from an old PC. Nice work!

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A big thanks to everyone who took the time to send us entries! Be sure to check back every week for a new challenge.

Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/lifehacker/full/~3/-WhlZcRztEI/challenge-winner-mount-your-camera-almost-anywhere-wit-478369180

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Chechen relative of Boston suspects alleges Russian plot

By Maria Golovnina

GROZNY, Russia (Reuters) - A member of the suspected Boston Marathon bombers' extended family said they were victims of a Russian plot to portray them as Chechen terrorists operating on U.S. soil.

Said Tsarnaev, who lives in Grozny, the capital of Russia's volatile Chechnya region, on Tuesday accused Moscow of sending false information to the United States to frame the suspects, ethnic Chechen brothers Tamerlan and Dzhokhar Tsarnaev.

He said Moscow wanted to convince the West that an Islamist insurgency being waged across Russia's North Caucasus had gone global, resulting in an attack on an American target.

"It would not have happened without the involvement of the Russian side," Tsarnaev, 56, told Reuters in his home in Grozny.

"Russia needed to show the West, including the United States, that Chechens are terrorists ... They needed to blacken their reputation and present these two people and the Chechen people as a whole as terrorists. This is why it all happened."

The Kremlin and Russian law enforcement agencies were not immediately available for comment.

The United States has accused Russia of using heavy-handed tactics against the insurgency but President Vladimir Putin says the West underestimates the security challenge faced by Moscow.

Convincing foreign governments that they also face a security threat from the Islamist insurgents in the North Caucasus might be seen by Moscow as a way of gaining a free hand to act against the insurgency.

Tamerlan and Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, the grandchildren of Said Tsarnaev's cousin, are accused of planting two improvised explosive devices near the marathon finish line in Boston, killing three people and injuring 282.

Tamerlan was killed in a shootout with police and Dzhokhar was captured after a manhunt.

DEVOUT MUSLIMS

Said Tsarnaev, a local photojournalist who has worked for various publications including Reuters, echoed views expressed by others in their close-knit family who have denied that the brothers carried out the bombings.

Tsarnaev, who has documented the Chechen conflict as a journalist, appeared intense but calm as he told his story in the large house where he and his family have lived for decades after returning from the Central Asian republic of Kyrgyzstan.

His family belongs to a Chechen diaspora dating back to the 1940s when Soviet leader Josef Stalin deported most of Chechnya's population to Central Asia over concerns they were collaborating with the advancing Nazi army.

He said he had never met Tamerlan and denied rumors that he had once travelled to Chechnya. He added that the brothers were devout Muslims but that did not make them extremists.

"I can't see anything wrong that, with age, people change their views and turn towards religion," he said.

"They are my relatives and they are part of my people. This is not just my pain, it is the pain of the entire (Chechen) people ... We can only feel sympathy. No one is accusing them of anything here."

Harsh public criticism of Moscow is rare in Chechnya, which is run by Russian loyalists following two wars between Russian forces and Chechen rebels seeking independence.

Said Tsarnaev said he had met Chechnya's pro-Kremlin leader, Ramzan Kadyrov, before he spoke to Reuters late on Tuesday. He did not make clear what they had discussed.

Defending the brothers, he accused Russia's FSB security service of sending "disinformation" to the United States which portrayed them as extremists, two years ago.

He said the brothers' parents had told him that the pair had been closely watched by the FBI since then.

Tamerlan, who was once a successful amateur boxer, and Dzhokhar Tsarnaev had lived in the United States for more than a decade but grew up before that in Kyrgyzstan and then, for about a year, in the Dagestan region that borders Chechnya.

"A FOREIGN COUNTRY"

Said Tsarnaev's brother Zhamal, speaking alongside him, said Tamerlan had visited his family in Dagestan last year and had not wanted to return to the United States, but his family insisted he go back to try to obtain U.S. citizenship.

"He said, 'I won't go. I want to stay here'. So he (Tamerlan's father) said he had to force him to go back.

"Tamerlan would sit at home all day long or go out to practice boxing. Sometimes on Friday he went to (the mosque)," Zhamal said.

"He said to his father, 'Let me bring my family (from the United States) and move here'."

Said Tsarnaev nodded and added: "He just felt he was in a foreign country ... So they did not want to live there. They felt it wasn't their thing."

He said he believed that Western accusations of human rights violations committed on Chechen territory had prompted Moscow to come up with the alleged plan to frame the brothers.

"They (Russians) continue to portray Chechens as terrorists and bandits here. And America has continued to accuse the Russian side of violating Chechens' rights," he said.

"The plan was to show the West that Chechens are not kind and good people but that they are terrorists, even in America."

He said he would travel to Dagestan to meet the Tsarnaev brothers' father, Anzor, on Wednesday.

"I don't have any goals or missions," he said. "As a relative I want to see him to express my condolences for the death of his son. I have to be with this man."

(Writing by Maria Golovnina. Editing by Timothy Heritage and Christopher Wilson)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/chechen-relative-boston-suspects-alleges-russian-plot-004618239.html

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Honor among (credit card) thieves?

Apr. 22, 2013 ? A Michigan State University criminologist dug into the seamy underbelly of online credit card theft and uncovered a surprisingly sophisticated network of crooks that is unique in the cybercrime domain.

The thieves, Thomas Holt found, run an online marketplace for stolen credit data similar to eBay or Amazon where reputations drive sales. Thieves sell data and money laundering services, advertised via web forums, and send and receive payments electronically or through an intermediary. They even provide feedback on transactions to help weed out sellers who cannot be trusted to deliver the illegal goods.

Holt's study, funded by the National Institute of Justice, is published in the research journal Global Crime.

"These aren't just 15-year-olds stealing credit card info online and using it to buy pornography," said Holt, associate professor of criminal justice. "These are thieves who come to trust one another. There's a layer of sophistication here that can't be understated, that's very different than what we think about with other forms of crime."

First, credit card information is stolen from an individual or group. Tactics can include hacking into the database of a bank, retailer or other service provider; sending emails to consumers masquerading as a bank to acquire sensitive details such as usernames and passwords (called phishing); and skimming. Examples of skimming include attaching a hard-to-spot device on an ATM machine or a crooked waiter who wears an electronic belt that can capture a card's details.

The thief then advertises his haul in an online forum, with details such as card type, country of origin and asking price. Holt said a Visa Classic card, for example, might go for $5 to $20 per card, with a price discount for buying large amounts of data.

The winning buyer finalizes the deal online and sends the money through an electronic payment service. If the seller isn't known or trusted, a middleman, called a guarantor, is used to assure the data is good before payment is sent -- minus a fee.

For the buyers, there is any number of illicit service providers to then help them make purchases in a way that doesn't raise suspicion or to pull money directly from the accounts -- minus a fee.

All of this is done in a rather democratic fashion -- unlike, say, the hierarchical structure of the mafia, said Holt, who monitored two English-language and two Russian-language forums for the study.

Some policymakers have called for flooding the online forums with bogus comments in an attempt to build mistrust and bring them down. But Holt said this strategy won't necessarily work for organized forums with managers who can monitor and remove comments as in the forums he sampled.

A better strategy, he said, might be for law enforcement authorities to infiltrate the sophisticated networks with a long-term undercover operation. It's a challenge, but one that might be more effective than other strategies called for by researchers.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Michigan State University.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

---

Journal Reference:

1. Thomas J. Holt. Exploring the social organisation and structure of stolen data markets. Global Crime, 2013; : 1 DOI: 10.1080/17440572.2013.787925

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/strange_science/~3/5O3UUeCXaoM/130422111244.htm

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First 'Star Trek Into Darkness' Clip Turns Up The Heat On Spock

The action-packed snippet from the J.J. Abrams sequel puts the entire crew at risk.
By Kevin P. Sullivan, with reporting by Josh Horowitz

Source: http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1706145/star-trek-into-darkness-spock-clip.jhtml

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Foxwoods Partners With GameAccount to Offer Online Gaming in US

April 22 2013, Pamela Maldonado

On Monday, Connecticut-based Foxwoods Resort Casino announced a partnership with GameAccount Network to deliver online gaming opportunities to the United States market.

The Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation (MPTN), which owns and operates Foxwoods, said it would initially focus on play-money games until legislation allows real-money wagering in the U.S. The agreement is subject to regulatory approval, but MPTN said it would release a play-for-fun gaming site at some point this year.

The agreement includes business-to-business (B2B) operations and will provide turnkey online gaming solutions for other Indian casinos and gaming operators.

According to the tribe, Foxwoods.com attracts one million unique monthly visitors.

As of yet, Connecticut legislation has not discussed the allowance of real-money online gaming within the state, nor has the state indicated whether the issue would be brought into discussion within the future.

New Jersey, Delaware, and Nevada are the only states that regulate online wagering in the U.S. New Jersey and Delaware offer casino games; Nevada only allows online poker.

Rodney Butler, chairman of the Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation commented, ?The Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation is thrilled to announce our proposed partnership with GameAccount. The Mashantucket Pequot Tribe has long been a leader in brick-and-mortar casino operations, and with the help of GameAccount, we aim to take the same leadership position in regulated online gaming in the US. Our shared vision unites GameAccount's technical capabilities with our Foxwoods brand and our leadership in casino management.?

GameAccount is an online gaming software supplier focusing its efforts on regulated markets. The company offers a fully-integrated online gaming platform of casino and mobile skill games, as well as the ability to convert land-based slots into online games.

?As one of the first European Internet gaming system suppliers that moved into the United States in advance of intra-State regulation in 2011, we have developed the specialist experience, expertise and technical functionality required to serve Foxwoods from a hardware platform located on-property in Connecticut," said Dermot Smurfit, GameAccount's CEO. "We're delighted that this experience and our unique capabilities will support our new strategic partner Foxwoods as they build a new Internet gaming business in one of the World's most exciting emerging regulated Internet gaming markets."

Monday's agreement comes just a few months after Foxwoods? southeastern Connecticut rival, Mohegan Sun, signed a deal with Amaya Gaming (now owned by Bally Technologies) to provide free-play online poker. That deal, made in November last year, was the first agreement of its kind made by an East Coast casino bringing online gaming and poker to the U.S.

For news, updates, and more follow PokerNews on Twitter and Facebook.

Follow Pamela Maldonado on

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Source: http://www.pokernews.com/news/2013/04/foxwoods-partners-with-gameaccount-to-offer-online-gaming-14818.htm

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Street Art the Focus of New Documentary | Stuff.co.nz

It is easy to think of street art as something that sprawls naturally through a city. Like ivy, one rarely gets to witness the aerosol cans being sprayed by artists in hoods and overalls and filter masks scaling buildings in all weather with ropes, stepladders, scissor lifts and buckets and cans of colours.

In October 2011, film-maker Karl Sheridan and artist Cinzah Merkens began exploring the people behind New Zealand's urban murals and graffiti art, conducting 22 interviews with 26 artists over 12 months, including on artists Jon Drypnz, Mica Still and BMD in Wellington.

The resulting documentary, Dregs, premiered in Wellington in November last year. It is the first time a feature-length documentary had been made about Kiwi street art.

"It hadn't been done before," says Sheridan, who also runs a shared studio and gallery called Monster Valley in Auckland. "Dregs was about uncovering a scene that hadn't been researched much by an outsider, and I thought it was important to give some insight to people who didn't really know the street art scene."

Sheridan hopes that through the doco, viewers might gain a greater understanding of the street art community "and possibly not be as prejudice towards aerosol art".

To fund Dregs, Sheridan and Merkens ran a campaign through crowd-funding website PledgeMe, exceeding their target of just under $5500. "We were always going to do it as a self-funded film . . . it was always a project that we were going to do on our own terms," says Sheridan.

Crowd funding allowed the co-directors to complete a three-week road trip through the length of the country. "After the road trip people started to see that we were serious about the project and we got a bit more [corporate] sponsorship from there."

During the trip, Sheridan says the pair filmed and spent time with as many artists as they could, "meeting their friends and families as well as going and staying in their homes, seeing work places and hanging out around painting spots". Several of the artists interviewed also reflect the street artist penchant for using a pseudonym including Flox, Cracked Ink, Ghostie, and Merkens himself, who for street art goes under the name of Seekayem.

In Dregs, the audio from the resulting interviews runs over Sheridan's footage of these artists at work in studios and out on walls in public spaces. There are slick shots of artists working with scalpels and spray cans from studios and scaffolding to a soundtrack of Kiwi music. Through the documentary, each artist tells their story, including how they got into street art.

Many have the same starting point, doodling in exercise books while at school. There is no shortage of fast cars, "babes", ninjas and aliens drawn in the margins. The artists also reveal how they make their living, many of whom are professional illustrators, students and teachers. One artist talks about how being able to paint legally, in daylight, with "gorgeous paint" while on a community service sentence was a "game changer" for him.

Each interview also includes artists' perspectives on the New Zealand street art scene in relation to the rest of the world. Many have visited the hotspots: Berlin, Melbourne, New York and Mexico, and speak of the pros and cons of our isolation. One artist comments that having smaller and spread-out groups of street artists results in a scene that is perhaps less cohesive, but with a distinct artistic style. Another wants to see business owners more open to murals on their buildings.

Though he sees advantages and disadvantages to isolation, Sheridan shares the belief with his interviewees that "our work here stands up to anywhere else in the world".

THE DETAILS

Dregs on DVD is available from dregs.co.nz

- ? Fairfax NZ News

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Source: http://www.stuff.co.nz/entertainment/arts/8580233/Art-examined-at-street-level

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'Soft Targets' Remain Vulnerable to Terrorist Attacks

Once the drama is Boston is over, attention will inevitably turn to how to prevent another terrorist attack on an event with limited security.

These so-called ?soft targets? ? places like malls, sporting events, and movie theaters ? have always been vulnerable to terrorist attacks especially given how much harder it is to attack aircraft since 9/11. But until Monday?s deadly bombings, it wasn?t a fear for many people.

Following the Sept. 11 attacks, security was boosted for airports, government offices, and other high-profile, "hard" targets as well as nuclear and chemical plants. And while local authorities were given technologies and resources to respond to an attack--more paramedics and mobile command centers--their ability to prevent attacks on soft targets in the first place remains limited--whether it's a crowded mall during the holiday shopping season or an outdoor summer concert.

?You have to combine the ability to allow people to go in and out and do what they want to do on a normal basis, and separating those who are intent on doing bad things,? said Bob Liscouski, who served as the assistant secretary for infrastructure at the Department of Homeland Security from 2003 to 2005.

The idea of placing a metal detector in every mall in the U.S., Liscouski said, is not realistic. So, what?s stopping a terrorist from going to a department store or a sporting event and causing mass casualties??

In all reality, the only real limits for terrorists to attack these locations comes down to their desire to carry out the attack and their accessibility to the types of materials they need for the attack?whether it?s for a bomb of some sort or another high-impact weapon. It?s a low-cost task with a high impact.

One encouraging note, say experts, is that the kinds of things that help prevent attacks on hard targets will help at least a bit with soft ones--border security, surveillance cameras, confidential informants, and so on. Those safeguards probably wouldn't have helped prevent the Boston Marathon bombings but they could conceivably forestall other attacks on targets, hard or soft.

The idea is to prevent those who could do harm long before they load up a pressure cooker with an improvised explosive device. Experts also point to the importance of making sure that mental health services are available and to encourage mental health professionals to come forward if they think their patients are a danger to themselves and others. No system of attack prevention is flawless, of course. But a quilt of different solutions can help. Unfortunately while there are expensive but relatively simple solutions for preventing hijackers from ramming a plane into a building--more security guards, hardened cockpit doors, air marshals--the idea of distinguishing a troubled adolescent from a troubled adolescent killer can't be solved by hiring a few more TSA agents.

?The government can never guarantee 100 percent security,? said Rick Nelson, a senior affiliate at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. ?And even if they could, we wouldn?t want to pay the cost both in terms of dollars and in the erosion of civil liberties.?

Where local authorities can make the most difference happens right after an attack takes places, using surveillance technology, social media monitoring, or even license plate readers to catch suspects.

?Not everything is a technology solution, but there is a lot of great technology can be applied that can give you a better sense of situational awareness,? Liscouski said. ?You may not be able to prevent the incident, but you can certainly enhance the response rate to limit the amount of damage.?

But for many locations, the resources aren?t there. A security officer at a mall being paid $10 per hour cannot properly respond to a terrorist attack. The burden of the cost of boosting security for these soft targets falls on the owners of the locations, whether it's a stadium or a movie theatre. For example, the real estate group that owns a mall would have to invest heavily in security. And until there?s a mall bombing at a mall, the likelihood this investment would take place across the country is remote.

At its root, one way to detect and stop an attack, Nelson explains, is simple and for those in Washington well-known: If you see something, say something. Homeland security officials consistently say that everyday Americans should continue to stay vigilant and aware of their surroundings.

?Every individual, every American has a role in this, a responsibility,? Nelson said. ?If you are aware of suspicious packages or know first aid, those type of skills are critically important to building a developing a resilient society that can overcome these kinds of events more quickly.?

The news surrounding the Boston bombings will fade, and Liscouski warns this is the time when an attack is most likely.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/soft-targets-remain-vulnerable-terrorist-attacks-165158217--politics.html

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First steps of synapse building is captured in live zebra fish embryos

Apr. 18, 2013 ? Using spinning disk microscopy on barely day-old zebra fish embryos, University of Oregon scientists have gained a new window on how synapse-building components move to worksites in the central nervous system.

What researchers captured in these see-through embryos -- in what may be one of the first views of early glutamate-driven synapse formation in a living vertebrate -- were orderly movements of protein-carrying packets along axons to a specific site where a synapse would be formed.

The discovery, in research funded by the National Institutes of Health, is described in a paper placed online ahead of publication in the April 25 issue of the open-access journal Cell Reports. It is noteworthy because most synapses formed in vertebrates use glutamate as a neurotransmitter, and breakdowns in the process have been tied to conditions such as autism, schizophrenia and mental retardation.

The zebra fish has become one of the leading research models for studying early development, in general, and human-disease states.

In this case, researchers used immunofluorescence labeling to highlight the area they put under the microscopes. The embryos they studied were barely 24-hours old and a millimeter in length, but neurons in their spinal cord were already forming connections called synapses. Images were taken every 30 seconds over two hours.

"If we zoom out a bit and look at development in the human, the majority of synapse formation occurs in the cortex after birth and continues for the first two years in a baby's life," said Philip Washbourne, a professor of biology and member of the UO's Institute of Neuroscience.

Previous studies, done in vitro, contradicted each other, with one, in 2000, identifying a single packet of building blocks arriving at a pre-synaptic terminal. The other, in 2004, identified two protein packets. After watching the process unfold live, with imaging over long time spans, Washbourne said: "We now see at least three, and maybe more, such deliveries."

"Axons are long processes -- think of them as highways -- of neurons. In humans, these can be a meter long, from spinal cord to your big toe," he said. It's in the cell body where all the proteins are made, and they have to be transported out. Is it done by a single bus or by several cars? These results point to additional layers of complexity in the established mechanisms of synaptogenesis."

The new research also showed that sequence also is crucial. Two different pre-synaptic packages of molecules repeatedly arrived in the same order. A key building block -- the protein synapsin -- always arrived third. As these delivery vehicles traveled the axonal highway, another protein, a cyclin-dependent kinase known as Cdk5, acts as a stoplight at the synapse-construction site, where phosphorylation occurs. More research is needed on Cdk5, Washbourne said.

"Understanding how all this happens will inform us to what's going wrong in neurodevelopment that leads to diseases," Washbourne said. "We have indications that the glue that gets all this going includes a gene that has been linked to autism, so knowing how these molecules start the process of synapse formation -- and what goes wrong in people with mutations in these genes -- might allow for a therapeutic targeting to correct the mutations and manipulate the stop signs."

Co-authors with Washbourne on the paper were Courtney Easley-Neal and Javier Fierro Jr., doctoral students in Washbourne's lab, and JoAnn Buchanan, an electron microscopist in the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology in the Stanford University School of Medicine.

The NIH National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke supported the research with a grant (R01NS065795) to Washbourne. An NIH Development Biology Training Grant (5-T32-HD07348) supported Easley-Neal.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of Oregon.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

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Journal Reference:

1. Courtney Easley-Neal, Javier Fierro, JoAnn Buchanan, Philip Washbourne. Late Recruitment of Synapsin to Nascent Synapses Is Regulated by Cdk5. Cell Reports, 2013; DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2013.03.031

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_environment/~3/E6j6O1yZvdE/130418134117.htm

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Fulton Supplies Skid Mounted Steam Boiler System for Zorba's State ...

Hummus production at Zorba Foods? original facility has the capacity to process 50 tonnes of chick peas per week. Two Fulton 60J steam boilers are used to provide heat for the cooking process and, via a heat exchanger, hot water for the facility?s clean-in-place and wash-down.

As part of its recent expansion, Zorba?s new purpose-built soup processing facility needed its own steam raising plant and, as Chris Nash explains, they had no hesitation in specifying another Fulton system.

?Having used Fulton for thirty years I knew exactly who to approach. You?d think I?d know what to expect having specified Fulton again, but they really do make the process look easy. We?re partnered from the beginning to ensure that gas/water supplies are sufficient and connecting services are located correctly. The boiler system arrives on a plinth, is craned into place, attached to the services, switched on and, within 20 minutes, is raising the steam we need!?

Steam is being used to heat Zorba?s six jacketed cooking vessels and provide hot water via a heat exchanger for clean-in-place and wash-down purposes.

Summarising, Chris Nash says that in the six years since the two original boilers were installed, they have never let Zorba down.

Tel: 0117 972 3322

www.fulton.co.uk

?

Source: http://www.foodanddrinknews-online.net/2013/fulton-supplies-skid-mounted-steam-boiler-system-for-zorbas-state-of-the-art-food-processing-facility/

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Tracking 'Killer Electrons' Help Predict Risks To Satellites

Scientists say the sun is now in an active period, creating more space weather that could interfere with the satellites we depend on for TV, cellphones and weather forecasts. From member station KQED, Lauren Sommer reports that researchers are taking advantage of the weather to learn more about the Earth's magnetic field.

Copyright ? 2013 NPR. For personal, noncommercial use only. See Terms of Use. For other uses, prior permission required.

MELISSA BLOCK, HOST:

We're accustomed to hearing about local weather conditions like high pressure zones or the jet stream. But just outside of the atmosphere, the conditions are a little stranger.

(SOUNDBITE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES)

BLOCK: That's a recording made by two new NASA satellites launched to study space weather.

As Lauren Sommer reports from member station KQED, the satellites could be in for some extreme conditions this year.

LAUREN SOMMER, BYLINE: There are more than a thousand satellites orbiting our planet; satellites that we depend on every day for GPS navigation, weather forecasts and TV.

JEAN-LUC FROELIGER: Certainly every Olympic Games, the Super Bowl, as well as the Academy Awards.

SOMMER: Jean-Luc Froeliger is responsible for satellites that carry those events. He's a vice president at Intelsat, a global satellite operations company. One thing he knows - space is not a boring place.

FROELIGER: In April 2010, we had an event on our Galaxy 15 satellite. We were sending commands to the satellite but the satellite was not accepting any command.

SOMMER: Galaxy 15 had become a zombie - a $100 million zombie.

FROELIGER: The satellite started to slowly drift.

SOMMER: Right into the path of another satellite. Froeliger says it took months to reboot Galaxy 15 - just about all you can do for a satellite that's 22,000 miles away. He says it's a risk you take in the harsh environment outside our planet's atmosphere.

FROELIGER: Satellites are constantly bombarded by high energy particles that flow from the sun.

SOMMER: Our sun sends out a stream of charged particles, which gets more intense when the sun is active, like this year.

(SOUNDBITE OF FOOTSTEPS)

SOMMER: David Smith is a physicist who studies these particles. He's taking me up to the roof of a four-story building at the University of California Santa Cruz, where there are about a dozen antennas.

DAVID SMITH: So this is it from the outside. This is our mission operation center.

SOMMER: Smith says protons and electrons from the sun get trapped in the Earth's magnetic field and create basically a giant, invisible donut around the planet, known as the radiation belt.

SMITH: What we're studying is electrons that come slamming down onto the atmosphere from Earth's radiation belts.

SOMMER: Should I be concerned standing on the roof here right now?

SMITH: No. So, none of this makes it to us.

SOMMER: Some electrons in the radiation belts travel at almost the speed of light.

SMITH: They can penetrate several millimeters of aluminum or steel.

SOMMER: They can pass through a satellite's casing and hit a computer chip, corrupting its data. That's why they have the nickname killer electrons. Smith and his team have sent large research balloons to the top of the Earth's atmosphere to detect how many killer electrons are in the radiation belt.

SMITH: The balloons are over Antarctica. I think we have about six up as of today.

SOMMER: Smith says forecasting the danger from high-energy particles is tricky because when they leave the sun's surface, they're low-energy.

SMITH: It's after the Earth captures them that something ramps them up to these really high energies.

SOMMER: To find out what that something is, Smith and his team are working with a new NASA mission.

UNIDENTIFIED MAN #1: Rock report range status.

UNIDENTIFIED MAN #2: This is the rock range is green.

SOMMER: Last August, NASA launched the Van Allen Probes.

(SOUNDBITE OF A ROCKET LAUNCH)

SOMMER: The probes are two satellites that fly right through the Earth's radiation belt. In December, they made this recording of a mysterious phenomenon - electromagnetic waves.

(SOUNDBITE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES)

DR. CRAIG KLETZING: We've known about these waves for quite a long time. But we've never had the kind of measurements that we needed to really understand them.

(SOUNDBITE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES)

SOMMER: Craig Kletzing, of the Van Allen Probes mission, says one theory is that these waves could be responsible for Killer Electrons.

KLETZING: Actually the waves give energy to particles much like a surfer does.

(SOUNDBITE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES)

SOMMER: Think of these waves as the ocean and the electrons as little surfers. These results and others could give scientists a better understanding of the Earth's radiation belt. That could lead to better forecasts about the risks; something that's key for NASA and for the satellites we depend on for live sporting events and tomorrow's weather report.

For NPR News, I'm Lauren Sommer in San Francisco.

(SOUNDBITE OF MUSIC)

ROBERT SIEGEL, HOST:

This is NPR News.

Copyright ? 2013 NPR. All rights reserved. No quotes from the materials contained herein may be used in any media without attribution to NPR. This transcript is provided for personal, noncommercial use only, pursuant to our Terms of Use. Any other use requires NPR's prior permission. Visit our permissions page for further information.

NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by a contractor for NPR, and accuracy and availability may vary. This text may not be in its final form and may be updated or revised in the future. Please be aware that the authoritative record of NPR's programming is the audio.

Source: http://www.npr.org/2013/04/18/177804554/tracking-killer-electrons-help-predict-risks-to-satellites?ft=1&f=1007

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Tomosynthesis increases breast cancer detection rate

Public release date: 19-Apr-2013
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Samantha Schmidt
sschmidt@arrs.org
703-858-4316
American Roentgen Ray Society

May improve detection in dense breasts

2D plus 3D breast imaging increases cancer detection rates by 11%, and could be particularly useful in detecting cancer in women with dense breasts, a new study suggests.

Researchers at Yale University Smilow Cancer Hospital in New Haven, CT, reviewed the screening mammograms of 14,684 patients. Forty-two cancers were found in 8,769 patients who had only 2D imaging (a cancer detection rate of 4.8 per 1,000), said Dr. Jaime Geisel, a lead author of the study. Thirty-two cancers were found in the group that had 2D plus 3D (tomosynthesis) imaging, for a cancer detection rate of 5.4 per 1,000, said Dr. Geisel. The percent of invasive and intraductal cancers detected among the two groups was similar, she said.

In addition to the improved cancer detection rate, "of the patients who had cancer detected with 3D, 54% had dense breasts. Of the patients who had cancer detected with 2D only, 21% had dense breasts. This suggests better performance of the 3D in dense breast tissue given 3D was offered to patients regardless of breast density or risk factors," Dr. Geisel said.

Dr. Geisel noted that the majority of screening mammograms at her facility now includes 3D imaging.

"I am hopeful that my study will help raise awareness among physicians as well as women undergoing breast cancer screening," she said. Additional research needs to be done; "We recognize the numbers are still too small to draw significant conclusions, but the data is compelling," she said.

Dr. Geisel will present her study at the ARRS annual meeting on April 19 in Washington, DC.

###

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Public release date: 19-Apr-2013
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Samantha Schmidt
sschmidt@arrs.org
703-858-4316
American Roentgen Ray Society

May improve detection in dense breasts

2D plus 3D breast imaging increases cancer detection rates by 11%, and could be particularly useful in detecting cancer in women with dense breasts, a new study suggests.

Researchers at Yale University Smilow Cancer Hospital in New Haven, CT, reviewed the screening mammograms of 14,684 patients. Forty-two cancers were found in 8,769 patients who had only 2D imaging (a cancer detection rate of 4.8 per 1,000), said Dr. Jaime Geisel, a lead author of the study. Thirty-two cancers were found in the group that had 2D plus 3D (tomosynthesis) imaging, for a cancer detection rate of 5.4 per 1,000, said Dr. Geisel. The percent of invasive and intraductal cancers detected among the two groups was similar, she said.

In addition to the improved cancer detection rate, "of the patients who had cancer detected with 3D, 54% had dense breasts. Of the patients who had cancer detected with 2D only, 21% had dense breasts. This suggests better performance of the 3D in dense breast tissue given 3D was offered to patients regardless of breast density or risk factors," Dr. Geisel said.

Dr. Geisel noted that the majority of screening mammograms at her facility now includes 3D imaging.

"I am hopeful that my study will help raise awareness among physicians as well as women undergoing breast cancer screening," she said. Additional research needs to be done; "We recognize the numbers are still too small to draw significant conclusions, but the data is compelling," she said.

Dr. Geisel will present her study at the ARRS annual meeting on April 19 in Washington, DC.

###

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-04/arrs-tib041013.php

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Personal Risk Management: An Essential Business Skill|Women In ...

?This feels risky! This feels risky!?

A colleague and I were joking nervously on the first day of an intense, week long training class.?We were about to begin a rigorous simulation as we learned to?coach teams through high-risk, conflict-ripe situations.?In the release of tension through humor, we were doing some personal risk management by being honest about our feelings and our sense of the learning risk we faced.

How you handle risk on a personal level has a big impact on your career or your business, especially if you are in a leadership role. In this three part series on managing risk, I?ll explore how to successfully identify and handle risk, and recovering from risk-taking that doesn?t yield the outcome you desired.?In this first post, you?ll learn how to understand your risk personality.

My personal risk management style is to meet risk head on. I?m a risk taker, but I like to think most of the risks I?ve taken during my career have fallen into the ?risk worth taking? category. They?ve been risks of all kinds, including:

• Starting a career in a difficult national and local economy
• Changing careers
• Changing companies
• Starting a business
• Moving halfway across the country
• Stopping work for a couple of years to get a master?s degree
• Changing careers
• Changing jobs several times in the same company
• Starting another business
• Adding new products and services as the market changes

Start by understanding your risk personality. Are you most likely to:

• Believe that risk does not exist?in your business or industry?
• Steer clear of risk?in all forms?
• Try to?understand and manage risk?
• Seek out risk, seeing it as a challenge and an adventure in some way?
• Love the adrenalin rush of risk so much that you?create it in situations where it doesn?t have to be?

?

Remember, however you feel about risk, your competitors are trying to manage it better than you do.

And the company that handles risk most effectively has a clear advantage over more fearful and/or less adaptable competitors.

That?s because change is always underway, whatever your business or industry.

Consider these many moving parts that most companies face:

? Customers change in terms of what they want and need
? Markets move and adapt as new competitors emerge and others leave
? Technology continues to advance, and to become smaller, faster, and sometimes, less expensive
? Employees move to different jobs and companies
??Suppliers create new products and services, and enter new markets with the products and services they already sell

The net of it is that if you hate risk, and hate to change, you may become obsolete as you try to stay right where you are, attempting to?preserve?the status quo.

To understand how well you handle risk now, start by considering how you handled risks in the past:

1. Think of two to three major risks you faced in the past few years.

2. Did you anticipate these risks? If not, could you have anticipated them with more or different information?

3. How well did you handle each risk?

4. How could you have handled them better?

5. Are there risks you avoided? Were you able to keep them at bay, or did they show up again in a different, more vigorous or otherwise more challenging way?

Begin, also, to look ahead:

6. How would you like to improve your risk assessment and management abilities in 2013 and beyond?

7. What information might help you anticipate, understand, and manage risks better? How can you gather this information most easily?

Improvement begins with understanding and acceptance.

Knowing where you stand, currently, goes a long way toward helping you improve your risk management and other abilities.

We?ll return to the subject of risk in the next blog post. I?ll share ideas for how you can begin to handle risk better.

In the meantime,?if you?d like more ideas on how to make the next year a better year, here?s a previous blog post I wrote,?Seven tips to make your business change-ready for an improved year.

Source: http://blog.womeninconsulting.org/running-a-consulting-business/manage-risk-well-its-an-essential-skill-in-business/

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Singapore Food Blog: KeropokMan: Singapura Makan: Lipton Pop ...

If you are a tea-drinker in Singapore, here's something that might just interest you. Lipton has created a world-first pop up High Tea Bar here in Singapore at Plaza Singapura.

I was there earlier tonight (at their kind invitation) and thought it was rather interesting. Why?

It was interesting because we were pairing tea with food. Different types of teas and different types of food. We all know taste is a very subjective matter, so why try it out and see if it works for you.

The poster above says keep an open mind, and really you need to do it. Dennis (Superadrianme) and Derrick (SgFoodOnFoot) and I were really playing with our taste buds and other sensory like smell and sight. We had all the different kinds of tea and food and it was like a lab experiment.

Close your eyes, smell the tea, the food, eat something then drink, drink something then eat, a big mouth of tea, a sip of tea, leave the tea bags longer, take it out for a mild brew, etc.

Yup, that's how one side of the pop-up High Tea Bar looks like. There are also bar stools and a 'garden' area!

That's a nice cuppa don't you think? Who here grew up drinking the good old Yellow Label Lipton?
Lipton has partnered with Canele and got their Executive Pastry Chef Christophe Grilo to come up with six tea sets paired with Canele Patisserie Chocolaterie's sweet and savoury items. Lipton had their Unilever Food Technologist, Miss Wong May Chee to work with Chef.

(We had a short conversation with Miss Wong, and she knows a lot about tea!)

The familiar aromatic Lipton Yellow Label Tea has been paired with Lemon Macarons specially made for the Lipton High Tea Bar.

Play time!?

Try it by having some tea, then take a bite of the macaron. Try it again with both macaron and tea in your mouth. See if your taste buds tells your brains different things. Do you feel that the tea becomes smoother? The sweetness of the macarons and unsweetened tea fuses and releases a different taste?

Of course Information Technology - IT (yup, that's what I do in my day job) does makes this whole experience more fun. Without software engineers building programs, can't imagine us living in the modern world right?

The mechanics of the High Tea Set Redemption: Members of public can enjoy a complimentary Lipton High Tea set with mimimum spend of S$25 at Plaza Singapura or S$15 worth of Lipton products at the Lipton High Tea Bar.

The fun starts when you choose one of the 6 High Tea sets. There's a huge touch screen where you order.

If no one's behind you, play around with the software, I mean place your orders.
You confirm your orders all on the touch screen.

Over at the order taking side, when you confirm your order, they know what you order and give you a 'number'. Bring that to your seat and they will deliver your High Tea Set very soon.

Derrick, Dennis and I were later joined by Adrian and William. Since we were a big group, we sat at the 'garden' area. (yes, with faux grass some more and a rabbit!) Err, yes, we were imagining we were at a picnic, because we sat under a big brolly!

There are 6 Lipton High Tea sets to choose from. 3 sets are only available at the Lipton High Tea Bar. The other 3 sets, you can order them if you visit Canele.

This was the Lipton Forest Fruit Tea with Chicken Mini Burger. The tea is a blend of strawberry, raspberry, redcurrant, blackberry and cherry. Pair that with poached chicken served with tomatoes, fresh lettuce, mayo and brioche.

Now, if you are like 'Da Chang Jin', you should be able to imagine the taste in your mind. Can you?

Lemon Macarons!! Only at the High Tea Bar.? I did walk to Canele to 'steal a look' and I don't see this there.

Left: Traditional Salmon and Cucumber Sandwich.
Right: Le Chocolat Croustillant.

Left: Classic Cheesecake
Right: Chestnut Cassis Sponge Cake.

Note: They are not all very big servings, let's just say it won't make you put on too much weight. The main thing is to tea and food pairing. Taste it.

Some of the tea boxes that you can purchase at the pop up store. That's the Forest Fruit that's paired with the Chicken Mini Burger. The good old Yellow Label goes well with the lemon macarons.

The Russian Earl Grey is a special collection. What do you think it should be paired with? The traditional Salmon and cucumber sandwich, Chestnut Cassis Sponge Cake, Classic Cheesecake or Le Chocolat Croustillant?

Why not try it yourself if you can't decide which tea goes with what food?

Lipton High Tea Bar
Plaza Singapura, Main Atrium
68 Orchard Road
Singapore 238839

It's only popping up from 16 to 21 April 2013.
Hours: 11 am to 9 pm daily. (Last orders at 8.30 pm)

Spend a minimum of $25 at Plaza Singapura or $15 worth of Lipton products in a single receipt is entitled to 1 Lipton High Tea Set.? Redemption is only valid on day of purchase. Each customer is entitled to one redemption a day.

I say, go shopping or lunch with your friend or friends and make sure everyone has a $25 receipt or just go buy $15 worth of tea. Then each of you have a different set and play with your food, I mean taste buds! Enjoy Tea and Food Pairing!

Source: http://www.keropokman.com/2013/04/lipton-pop-up-high-tea-bar-plaza.html

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How to give feedback to the boss ? Business Management Daily ...

While it could be bad for your career to point out every misstep your boss makes, you?re more likely to get a boost if you can kindly communicate constructive criticism when he really needs it, says writer and entrepreneur Jennifer Winter.

She offers three tips to help you make sure any feedback you offer your boss is both diplomatic and productive.

1. Do a cost-benefit analysis. In Winter?s early days as a manager, an employee confronted her in front of the entire team to tell Winter she was doing a task wrong. The encounter destroyed Winter?s credibility with the team and killed her confidence. Later Winter discovered she wasn?t actually doing anything wrong, just differently than the last person who held her position. This was a case where there was little benefit to the employee speaking out and a great cost to Winter and the team. Always take the time to consider whether it?s important feedback, how sharing it will affect your boss, and whether sharing will help or hurt in the long run.

2. Write down your thoughts in advance to avoid getting tongue-tied or saying the wrong thing. Keep the script simple, and don?t let yourself be tempted to stray from it during the meeting because that will just get you in trouble. Also, don?t put your notes in an email or any other electronic form that could get passed along, so the conversation stays be??tween you and your boss.

3. Keep your communication classy, kind and specific. Remember that bosses? feelings can be hurt, too. Once you decide to give your boss some constructive criticism, take time to consider exactly how to do so with a focus on being professional, polite, classy and kind.

Schedule a time to speak with your boss in private and give her a general idea of what you?d like to talk about. For example, if she talks too long during meetings, you can say you?d like to talk about the structure of your team meetings. Once the meeting time arrives, be sure to discuss?not attack?and be specific about what areas she could stand to improve.

? Adapted from ?Giving Feedback to Your Boss?Like a Boss,? Jennifer Winter, The Daily Muse.

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Attention: Readers, Publishers, Editors, Bloggers, Media, Webmasters and more...

We believe great content should be read and passed around. After all, knowledge IS power. And good business can become great with the right information at their fingertips. If you'd like to share any of the insightful articles on BusinessManagementDaily.com, you may republish or syndicate it without charge.

The only thing we ask is that you keep the article exactly as it was written and formatted. You also need to include an attribution statement and link to the article.

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Source: http://www.businessmanagementdaily.com/35176/how-to-give-feedback-to-the-boss

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Tori Spelling Bikini Body: On Display!

Source: http://www.thehollywoodgossip.com/2013/04/tori-spelling-bikini-body-on-display/

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Polio vaccine developer Koprowski dies

PHILADELPHIA (AP) ? Dr. Hilary Koprowski, a pioneering virologist who developed the first successful oral vaccination for polio, died this week at his suburban Philadelphia home. He was 96.

Although not as well-known as fellow researchers Jonas Salk and Albert Sabin, Koprowski's 1950 clinical trial was the first to show it was possible to vaccinate against polio, the crippling and sometimes fatal disease that's now all but eradicated.

Koprowski's son, Christopher, said Saturday his father liked the scientific recognition his work received without the celebrity of Salk and Sabin.

"He enjoyed not having his scientific work disrupted," said Christopher Koprowski, chief of radiation oncology at Christiana Care Health System in Wilmington, Del. "Not that he was a modest individual, mind you."

Christopher Koprowski said his father had been sick for several months before dying Thursday in the same Wynnewood home he'd lived in since 1957.

Hilary Koprowski self-administered the live-virus oral vaccine he developed before the 1950 trial ? about two years before Salk's injectable version using a dead form of the virus began testing with the backing of the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, now the March of Dimes.

Sabin, who Koprowski's son said sometimes collaborated with his father, was the first to get the more-effective oral version, which didn't require boosters, licensed for use in the U.S.

Koprowski went on to be the director of The Wistar Institute in Philadelphia from 1957 to 1991. Under his leadership, the independent research institution developed a rubella vaccine that helped eradicate the disease in much of the world, Wistar officials said. It was during that time the institute also developed a more effective rabies vaccine.

A talented musician, the Polish-born Koprowski was a penniless immigrant in Rio de Janeiro making money teaching piano before hooking up with a lab there and eventually moving to the United States, his son said.

"He was a great dad. He was colorful, charismatic," Christopher Koprowski said. "He's still the most brilliant person I've ever met."

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/polio-vaccine-developer-koprowski-dies-022153503.html

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British university attacks BBC over covert North Korea trip

By Michael Holden

LONDON (Reuters) - A leading British university criticised the BBC on Sunday for arranging an academic trip to North Korea to make an undercover documentary, saying it had put students who were unaware of the plans in danger.

The London School of Economics (LSE) said three BBC journalists - including the respected reporter John Sweeney - joined a student society trip at the end of March, posing as tourists to make a film about the secretive state.

The university said the students had been told "a journalist" would accompany them, but it had not been made clear the BBC's aim was to use the visit to record an undercover film for "Panorama", a current affairs programme.

"This was not an official LSE trip," Craig Calhoun, the Director of the LSE, wrote on Twitter. "Non-students & BBC organised it, used the society to recruit some students, & passed it off."

Tensions in the Korean peninsula have escalated in recent weeks, with North Korea threatening nuclear war against the United States and South Korea.

Alex Peters-Day, general secretary of the LSE's student union, told Sky News the students were only told of the BBC's intentions at a very late stage, with one saying she was only informed when they were on the plane to North Korea.

The university said Sweeney, who graduated from the LSE in 1980, had posed as a history PhD student at the university to gain entry to the country even though he currently had no connections with the institution.

"BBC staff have admitted that the group was deliberately misled to the involvement of the BBC in the visit," the LSE said in an email to staff and students released to the media.

"It is the LSE's view that the students were not given enough information to enable informed consent, yet were given enough to put them in serious danger if the subterfuge had been uncovered prior to their departure from North Korea."

"STUDENTS WARNED"

It said the LSE's chairman had asked the BBC to pull the documentary, which is due to be shown on Monday, but the broadcaster's Director-General had refused.

"The students were all explicitly warned about the potential risks of travelling to North Korea with the journalist as part of their group," a BBC spokesman said on its website.

"This included a warning about the risk of arrest and detention and that they might not be allowed to return to North Korea in the future."

Sweeney also defended his actions on Twitter. "The LSE put out a statement which we dispute," he said.

"We did go to North Korea Undercover. The North Korean agency unhappy. LSE students knew and understood what was at stake for them before trip. They consented."

Panorama's website said Sweeney had spent eight days undercover "inside the most rigidly-controlled nation on Earth".

"Travelling from the capital Pyongyang to the countryside beyond and to the De-Militarised Zone on the border with South Korea, Sweeney witnesses a landscape bleak beyond words, a people brainwashed for three generations and a regime happy to give the impression of marching towards Armageddon," it said.

The LSE said aspects of North Korea were legitimate objects of study in several academic disciplines but said the BBC may have seriously damaged the university's reputation, and jeopardised future visits to North Korea and other countries.

"BBC story put LSE students at danger but seems to have found no new information and only shown what North Korea wants tourists to see," Calhoun wrote.

(Editing by Pravin Char)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/british-university-attacks-bbc-over-covert-north-korea-094728108--finance.html

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Fatally wounded man allegedly blinked to ID his murderer

The videotaped testimony of a paralyzed man, whose communication through only eye blinks to police was used to identify his alleged killer, is allowed to be shown in court, an Ohio judge ruled Tuesday.

Hamilton County Court Judge Beth Myers denied the motion by defense attorneys to ban the blinking testimony of 35-year-old David Chandler to be shown to jurors in the trial against his alleged shooter, Ricardo Woods.

Woods, 34, is accused of fatally shooting Chandler in the head and neck on Oct. 28, 2010. When police interviewed Chandler in the hospital on Nov. 2, he was paralyzed and using a ventilator to breathe, authorities said.

Based on a communication system set up by his family, Chandler was instructed by authorities to blink three times to indicate a "yes" and two times to indicate a "no" when asked to identify the person who shot him.

During the interview, when Chandler was shown a photograph of Woods, he reportedly blinked three times.

On Nov. 12, Chandler died of complications of his paralysis and gunshot wounds.

Woods was charged with murder, felonious assault and weapons counts. If convicted, he could face life in prison.

Woods's attorney, Kory Jackson, told ABC News he wanted the video excluded from the trial because it was unreliable.

"Police set up these rules, and they asked him a series of questions," he said of the videotape of Chandler's testimony. "There are times he doesn't blink at all in response to questions, there are times he blinks more than three times. So it is often unclear what exactly he is trying to communicate."

Jackson said Chandler's eye-blinking testimony was also problematic because authorities only showed him one photo and reportedly suggested to him that Woods was the person they believed was the suspect.

"They planted the idea in his mind, and then asked him to respond," Jackson said.

Jackson said that according to Ohio law, whenever authorities arrange for a line-up or a photo array for identification purposes, an officer in the room is required to not know who the suspect is.

But Jackson said that not only did officers know who the suspect was, but they only showed Chandler one picture, a picture of Woods.

"It is improperly suggestive," Jackson said. "That causes false identifications more often than not."

Jackson said the two individuals who were in the car with Chandler when he was shot were both shown a line-up, and neither of them identified Woods as the shooter.

Karen Newirth, an eyewitness identification litigation fellow at the Innocence Project, told ABCNews.com that the nonprofit legal clinic decided to become involved with the case, submitting an amicus brief to the judge in support of the defense's motion in December 2012.

"The procedures were so unusual and so far outside the bounds of anything we'd ever seen that we felt like it was important to get involved," Newirth said.

Newirth said the organization, which works to exonerate the wrongfully convicted through DNA testing and improving the criminal justice system, was interested in the case because Ohio's minimum requirements for live and photo lineup procedures were not followed.

"Eyewitness misidentification is the leading contributing case of wrongful convictions, present in 75% of our 303 DNA exonerations," she said. "It's a shame that in a state with such a strong law, the procedures were not followed."

A spokesman for the Hamilton County prosecutor's office declined to comment on the judge's ruling because the case was still pending.

Woods is currently in custody at Hamilton County Jail.

The trial is scheduled to begin on April 29.

ABC News' Christina Ng contributed to this report.

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Source: http://news.yahoo.com/ohio-judge-allows-blinking-testimony-murder-trial-033947904--abc-news-topstories.html

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